Table 2 Clinical and operative summary
From: Management of false passage complication during operative hysteroscopy
Case # | Uterine position | Imaging study findings | Possible causes of false passage | Surgical findings | False passage location | Technique to overcome false passage | Hysteroscopic procedure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Anteverted | TV 3D US: subseptate uterus | None | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic division of the subseptate uterus |
2 | Anteverted and acutely anteflexed | TV 2D and 3D US: Small uterine leiomyoma distorting cervical canal | Acutely anteflexed position of the uterus Distortion of the cervical canal by small fibroid at the region of the internal cervical os | Confirmed US findings Subseptate uterus Leiomyoma distorting cervical canal on laparoscopy | Posterior | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic division of the subseptate uterus |
3 | Anteverted | TV 2D US: Endometrial polyps Adenomyosis, bilateral endometrioma, left hydrosalpinx | Stage 4 endometriosis Distortion of pelvic anatomy | Confirmed US findings Significant arcuate uterine anomaly | Right lateral | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic polypectomy, hysteroscopic division of a significant arcuate uterus and tubal sterilization using the Adiana procedure |
4 | Anteverted | TV 3D US: Subseptate uterus | None | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic division of Subseptate uterus |
5 | Anteverted | TV 2D US: Endometrial polyps | None | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic polypectomy |
6 | Anteverted and acutely anteflexed | TV 2D US: Anteflexed position of the uterus TV 3D US: Significant arcuate uterus, endometrial | Acutely anteflexed position of the uterus | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Division of the bridge of tissue technique (hysteroscopic scissor) | Hysteroscopic polypectomy, hysteroscopic division of a significant arcuate uterus |
7 | Anteverted | TV 2D US: Endometrial polys | Cervical stenosis | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Division of the bridge of tissue technique (straight resectoscope loop) | Hysteroscopic polypectomy |
8 | Anteverted | TV 2D US: Adenomyosis Bilateral large endometrioma | Stage 4 endometriosis with distortion of pelvic anatomy | Confirmed US findings Extensive pelvic adhesions on laparoscopy | Posterior | Tilt technique | Only diagnostic hysteroscopy |
9 | Anteverted | TV 3D US: Arcuate uterine anomaly | None | Confirmed US findings | Posterior | Tilt technique | Hysteroscopic division of a significant arcuate uterus |