Table 3 Descriptive characteristics of heavy smokers compared to non-smokers (n = 280)

Male age (years)

33.1 ± 8.4

34.7 ± 8.4

0.115

Semen volume (ml)

3.58 ± 1.31

4.17 ± 2.17

0.178

Sperm concentration (Mill/ml)

17.29 ± 14.97

87.67 ± 70.68

< 0.001

Total sperm motility (%)

35.74 ± 20.16

54.27 ± 17.76

< 0.001

Sperm progressive motility (%)

14.60 ± 11.36

39.99 ± 18.68

< 0.001

Sperm non-progressive motility (%)

21.78 ± 13.99

13.33 ± 8.06

< 0.001

Non-motile sperm (%)

63.72 ± 20.60

46.68 ± 19.37

< 0.001

Sperm abnormal form (%)

93.52 ± 5.47

61.67 ± 25.62

< 0.001