Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Middle East Fertility Society Journal

Table 3 Summary of meta-analysis results and subgroups analysis

Groups	# of studies	Test of association			Heterogeneity
Groups	# of studies	RR (95% CI)	P	Model	P	I square
Total studies	48	1.51 (1.18–1.93)	0.001	Random	< 0.001	98.9%
Study design
Cohort	41	1.44 (1.07–1.95)	0.021	Random	< 0.001	98.8%
Case control	4	2.04 (1.65–2.51)	0.001	Fixed	0.445	0
Cross-sectional	3	1.99 (0.93–4.26)	0.095	Random	< 0.001	88.1%
Time period
1987–2010	14	1.75 (1.50–2.05)	< 0.001	Fixed	0.343	10.1%
2011-2017	34	1.42 (1.05–1.90)	0.022	Random	< 0.001	99.0%
Region
Europe	16	1.75 (1.31–2.34)	< 0.001	Random	< 0.001	65.3%
Asia	19	1.70 (1.45–1.98)	< 0.001	Random	< 0.001	94.2%
America	12	1.07 (0.46–2.52)	< 0.001	Random	< .001	99.4%