From: Effects of vitamin D3 on the level of heat shock protein 70 and oxidative stress in human sperm: a pilot study
Sample
Treatment group (Vit.D3)
Control group
Confidence interval
Normal
1.86 ± 0.11
1.20 ± 0.36
0.0598–1.2735
Asthenozoospermic
0.90 ± 0.21
0.60 ± 0.14
0.01–0.48