Table 3 The impact of weight loss on clinical and phenotype characteristics of obese PCOS group

Body mass index (kg/m²)

36.97 ± 1.29021

31.1 ± 6.51

˂ 0.001*

Waist/hip ratio

1.25 ± 0.25107

1.08 ± 0.25

˂ 0.001*

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

130.8 ± 7.51

127.89 ± 8.4

˂ 0.05*

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

87.25 ± 4.38

86.32 ± 4.51

0.273

Hirsutism score

13.93 ± 2.36

10.2 ± 4.96

˂ 0.001*

Ovarian volume

11.92 ± 3.24

8.84 ± 4.4

˂ 0.001*

AFC

13.17 ± 3.48

10.19 ± 4.83

˂ 0.001*

FMI%

9.61 ± 0.335

8.092 ± 1.69

˂ 0.001*

FFMI%

27.36 ± 0.95

23.03 ± 4.81

˂ 0.001*

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

200.03 ± 9.2

180.06 ± 26.2

˂ 0.001*

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

340.8 ± 62.35

259.08 ± 93.1

˂ 0.001*

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

146.96 ± 8.8

126.9 ± 21.69

˂ 0.001*

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

32.86 ± 2.65

36.25 ± 5.48

˂ 0.001*

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)

94.05 ± 7.01

89.6 ± 9.14

˂ 0.001*

Fasting serum insulin (lU/mL)

13.45 ± 6.72

8.97 ± 4.61

˂ 0.001*

HbA1c (%)

5.98 ± 0.074

5.87 ± 0.166

˂ 0.001*

HOMA-IR

3.1 ± 1.55

2.01 ± 1.15

˂ 0.001*

HOMA-β

81.9 ± 35.9

122.4 ± 71.5

˂ 0.001*

FSH (mIU/mL)

6.44 ± 1.6

5.7 ± 1.704

˂ 0.05*

LH (mIU/mL)

7.6 ± 1.8

7.01 ± 01.80

0.059

LH/FSH

1.24 ± 0.378

1.3 ± 0.483

0.457

DHEA-S (mg/mL)

1.92 ± 0.628

1.36 ± 0.62

˂ 0.001*

Total testosterone (ng/mL)

.85 ± 0.266

.68 ± 0.29

˂ 0.001*

Androstenedione (ng/mL)

1.9 ± 0.486

1.56 ± 0.577

˂ 0.001*

Energy intake (kcal/day)

2384.1 ± 253.8

1384.1 ± 289.5

˂ 0.001*

Meal frequency (meals/day)

5.3 ± 1.6

7.16 ± 0.51

˂ 0.001*

Proteins (% TCV/day)

26.9 ± 8.07

35.9 ± 8.85

˂ 0.001*

Lipids (% TCV/day)

33.5 ± 10.05

16.9 ± 4.28

˂ 0.001*

CHO (% TCV/day) l

59.8 ± 17.94

40.4 ± 5.19

˂ 0.001*