Control group (mean ± SD), (n = 85) | Obese group (mean ± SD), (n = 110) | P | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 29.07 ± 6.4 | 30.05 ± 6.473 | 0.265 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.55 ± 2.61 | 36.37 ± 2.26 | ˂ 0.001* |
Waist/hip ratio | 0.96 ± 0.189 | 1.24 ± 0.258 | ˂ 0.001* |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 127.68 ± 6.54 | 130.95 ± 6.8 | ˂ 0.05* |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 85.18 ± 3.88 | 87.04 ± 4.320 | ˂ 0.05* |
Hirsutism score | 5.42 ± 0.741 | 9.84 ± 4.22 | ˂ 0.001* |
Ovarian volume | 5.15 ± 0.89 | 8.783 ± 3.96 | ˂ 0.001* |
AFC | 6.16 ± 1.319 | 9.64 ± 4.21 | ˂ 0.001* |
FMI% | 6.38 ± 0.67 | 9.4 ± 0.68 | ˂ 0.001* |
FFMI% | 18.16 ± 1.9 | 26.8 ± 1.96 | ˂ 0.001* |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 166.7 ± 20.64 | 198.9 ± 11.18 | ˂ 0.001* |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 149.6 ± 11.19 | 260.5 ± 91.46 | ˂ 0.001* |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 105.8 ± 4.44 | 142.7 ± 13.77 | ˂ 0.001* |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51.16 ± 4.34 | 33.8 ± 4.0 | ˂ 0.001* |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 85.02 ± 8.95 | 94.01 ± 6.81 | ˂ 0.001* |
Fasting serum insulin (lU/mL) | 6.84 ± 1.443 | 15.1 ± 8.50 | ˂ 0.001* |
HbA1c (%) | 4.77 ± 0.147 | 5.9 ± 0.10 | ˂ 0.001* |
HOMA-IR | 1.43 ± 0.34 | 3.53 ± 2.00 | ˂ 0.001* |
HOMA β | 146.5 ± 62.0 | 96.8 ± 58.91 | ˂ 0.001* |
FSH (mIU/mL) | 4.89 ± 1.01 | 6.06 ± 1.49 | ˂ 0.05* |
LH (mIU/mL) | 6.54 ± 1.22 | 7.439 ± 1.5 | ˂ 0.001* |
LH/FSH | 1.52 ± 0.395 | 1.29 ± 0.38 | ˂ 0.001* |
DHEA-S (mg/mL) | 0.92 ± 0.48 | 1.45 ± 0.84 | ˂ 0.001* |
Total testosterone (ng/mL) | 0.51 ± 0.15 | 0.83 ± 0.23 | ˂ 0.001* |
Androstenedione (ng/mL) | 1.20 ± 0.35 | 1.936 ± 0.496 | ˂ 0.001* |
Plasma ghrelin (ng/ml) | 48.21 ± 21.09 | 9.49 ± 5.59 | ˂ 0.001* |
Dietary characteristics | |||
Energy intake (kcal/day) | 1813.5 ± 446.64 | 2406.8 ± 297.2 | ˂ 0.001* |
Meal frequency (meals/day) | 3.78 ± 1.01 | 4.9 ± 1.496 | ˂ 0.001* |
Proteins (% TCV/day) | 21.16 ± 3.008 | 25.21 ± 7.609 | ˂ 0.001* |
Lipids (% TCV/day) | 26.3 ± 3.74 | 31.38 ± 9.469 | ˂ 0.001* |
CHO (% TCV/day) | 47.02 ± 6.68 | 56.04 ± 16.9 | ˂ 0.001* |